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晚清驻外使官张德彝是同文馆招收的首批学员,也是清政府首批派赴欧洲、走向世界的翻译官。在1866—1906年间,他曾八次出使,留下七部以《述奇》为名的日记,其中即有大量关于海外华人的记录,为我们考察清末海外华侨华人历史提供了可靠而直接的材料。本文通过梳理张德彝关于海外华人的诸多记录,就其与海外华人的交往、对华人海外生存状况的思考,以及维护海外华工权益的斗争等历史进行探讨,同时剖析张德彝对晚清侨务政策的推动作用,望能填补以往学界对张德彝研究之空白。
In the late Qing Dynasty, Zhang Deyi, the envoyer to the foreign countries, was the first student enrolled in the same institution and the first translator to be sent to Europe and to the world by the Qing government. During 1866-1906, he had exited eight times, leaving seven diaries in the name of “Romance,” a large number of records on overseas Chinese that provided us with a reliable and direct view of the history of overseas Chinese in the late Qing Dynasty s material. This article explores Zhang Deyi’s many records on overseas Chinese, discusses his history with overseas Chinese, his thinking on overseas living conditions, and the struggle to safeguard the rights and interests of overseas Chinese workers. At the same time, it analyzes Zhang’s role in promoting the policy on overseas Chinese affairs in the late Qing Dynasty , Hope to fill the blank of previous studies on Zhang Deyi.