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目的探讨井下矿工的心理健康状况及其相关影响因素。方法采用分层抽样方法选取山西省晋城煤业集团所辖7个井区井下作业煤矿工人195人为被试,使用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、社会支持评定量表(SSAS)、简易应对方式评定量表(SCSQ)进行测量。结果井下矿工SCL-90总分及各因子得分均显著高于全国常模、部分因子高于地面矿工;不同井区、不同工龄、有否经历矿难的井下煤矿工人之间心理健康水平存在显著差异;社会支持、消极应对与心理健康存在显著相关。结论井下矿工心理健康水平显著差于全国一般人群及地面矿工;井下矿工心理健康受其所在井区和工龄的影响;矿难会加重敌对情绪;社会支持水平越高,心理健康水平越好;消极应对得分越高,心理健康水平越差。
Objective To explore the mental health of miners and their related factors. Methods A total of 195 underground coal miners working in 7 wells under the jurisdiction of Jincheng Coal Industry Group of Shanxi Province were selected by stratified sampling method. The symptoms self-rating scale (SCL-90), social support rating scale (SSAS) Coping Style Rating Scale (SCSQ). Results The scores of SCL-90 and the scores of each factor in underground miners were significantly higher than those in national norms and some factors were higher than those in ground miners. There was a significant difference in the mental health among underground coal miners in different well areas, different seniority and mine accidents Social support, negative coping and mental health have significant correlation. Conclusion The mental health of underground miners is significantly lower than that of the general population and ground miners in the country. The psychological health of underground miners is affected by the well area and length of service. Mine disaster will aggravate hostility. The higher the level of social support, the better psychological health. The higher the score, the worse the mental health level.