在大豆杂交育种工作中,国内外采用较普遍的方法是人工去雄授粉。由于大豆花很小,一般花长只有6～7mm。因此,进行人工去雄授粉是一项很繁难而又十分细致的工作。每年在大豆开花季节,育种机关虽投入大量人力物力进行杂交工作,得到的杂交种子数却很少。据苏联农学博士阿柯洛夫(1980,1981),科洛特(1980),涅恰耶夫(1982)等的研究表明,杂交授粉后的花用邻近活叶片包扎的杂交结实率一般在25～30％。我们多年来也是 Soybean cross breeding in the work, the more common method is to manually pollinated pollination at home and abroad. Because the flower is very small, the general flower length is only 6 ~ 7mm. Therefore, the artificial pollination is a very difficult and very detailed work. Every year in the flowering season of soybean, the breeding organ has invested a great deal of manpower and material resources to carry out crossbreeding work, and the number of hybrid seeds obtained is very small. According to the research of Akerlof (1980,1981), Collot (1980) and Niechayev (1982) of the Soviet agronomist, the rate of seed setting of hybrids surrounded by live leaves after hybrid pollination is generally 25 ~ 30%. We have been for many years