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目的探讨微波单次和累积辐射对大鼠学习和记忆能力以及脑组织结构的影响。方法对80只二级SD大鼠采用单次和累积辐射,单次辐射平均功率密度分别为2 mW/cm2和11 mW/cm2,累积辐射组每天辐射,平均功率密度为4.68μW/cm2,连续辐射30 d。采用Morris水迷宫观察大鼠学习与记忆能力的改变,于辐射后1,7,14,30,60 d采用光镜和电镜观察大鼠脑组织学和超微结构的改变。结果 (1)单次辐射后,与正常对照组相比,各辐射组大鼠逃避潜伏期均在辐射后有不同程度延长。2 mW/cm2组辐射后1 d和2 d,大鼠逃避潜伏期差异有显著性,11 mW/cm2组辐射后1 d和3 d,逃避潜伏期有显著性差异。累积辐射后大鼠逃避潜伏期无显著性差异。(2)11 mW/cm2组辐射后7~14 d,大鼠海马和大脑皮质神经元皱缩,核固缩,线粒体肿胀,局部空化,内质网扩张,突触间隙不清、囊泡减少,血管内皮连接增宽;累积辐射后14 d,大鼠海马及大脑皮质神经元固缩,线粒体肿胀空化,内质网扩张,突触间隙不清。结论 2和11 mW/cm2微波单次辐射可使大鼠学习和记忆能力下降,大鼠脑组织结构损伤;4.68μW/cm230 d微波累积辐射可引起大鼠脑组织结构损伤。
Objective To investigate the effects of single and combined microwave irradiation on learning and memory ability and brain tissue structure in rats. Methods Single and cumulative radiation was used in 80 second-grade SD rats. The average power density of single-dose radiation was 2 mW / cm2 and 11 mW / cm2 respectively. The cumulative radiation group was irradiated daily with the average power density of 4.68 μW / cm2. Radiation 30 d. Morris water maze was used to observe the learning and memory abilities of rats. The histological and ultrastructural changes of the rats were observed by light and electron microscopy at 1, 7, 14, 30 and 60 days after radiation. Results (1) After a single irradiation, compared with the normal control group, the escape latency of rats in each irradiation group was prolonged after radiation. At 1 and 2 days after irradiation, the escape latency of rats in 2 mW / cm2 group was significantly different from that in 11 mW / cm2 group, and the escape latency was significant at 1 and 3 days after irradiation in 11 mW / cm2 group. There was no significant difference in escape latency after cumulative radiation in rats. (2) After being exposed to 11 mW / cm2 for 7-14 days, neurons in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex collapsed, nuclear pyknosis, mitochondria swelling, local cavitation, endoplasmic reticulum dilation, unclear synaptic cleft, vesicles Decreased and vascular endothelial connections broadened. After 14 days of cumulative radiation, neurons in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex constricted, mitochondria were swollen and cavitated, endoplasmic reticulum was dilated, and synaptic cleft was unclear. Conclusion Single microwave radiation at 2 and 11 mW / cm2 can reduce the learning and memory ability of rats and damage the brain tissue of rats. The cumulative radiation at 4.68μW / cm230d can cause structural damage in brain tissue of rats.