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在中国式分权的理论框架下,本文采用倍差法研究了区域发展政策对政府规模的影响。政治集权使得中央政府制定的区域发展政策强化了地方政府所面临的政治激励,而经济分权使得地方政府能够通过动员经济资源来落实中央政策,谋求仕途上的晋升,这最终引致财政支出增加和政府规模膨胀。以西部大开发政策为例,本文发现,在控制其他因素的条件下,西部大开发政策导致西部县级政府规模大幅扩张,其中,财政支出占GDP比重增长了3个百分点,扩张约18.6%,人均财政支出增加8.8%。此外,本文也考察了西部大开发政策的作用机制和长期效应。
Under the theoretical framework of Chinese decentralization, this paper uses the multiple-difference method to study the impact of regional development policies on the size of the government. Political centralization makes the central government’s regional development policies to strengthen the political incentives faced by local governments, and economic decentralization enables local governments to mobilize economic resources to implement the central policy and career promotion, which eventually led to increased financial expenditures and The government is expanding. Taking the policy of western development as an example, this paper finds that under the control of other factors, the policy of western region development led to the large-scale expansion of the county level government in western China, in which the share of fiscal expenditure in GDP increased by 3 percentage points and expanded by 18.6% Per capita fiscal expenditure increased by 8.8%. In addition, this paper also examines the mechanism and long-term effect of the policy of the western development.