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目的观察乌拉地尔（Ｕｒａｐｉｄｉｌ，ＵＲＡ）预防气管拔管时心血管反应的效果。方法 １１２例（ＡＳＡＩ～ Ⅱ）全麻择期手术患者分为四组，每组２８例，四组病人年龄、性别、体重及手术方式相似，麻醉方法相同。对照组Ａ组未用药直接拨管，用药组Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｄ组分别静注乌拉地尔（ＵＲＡ）０．５，０．３，０．１ｍｇ． ｋｇ~(－１)５分钟后拔管。结果 Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｄ组拔管后心血管反应较稳定，Ａ组收缩压（ＳＢＰ）、舒张压（ＤＢＰ）、动脉平均压（ＭＡＰ）、心率（ＨＲ）和心率一收缩压乘积（ＲＰＰ）明显升高（ Ｐ＜０.０１），其中Ｄ组升高的幅度比Ｂ、Ｃ组高得多，但明显低于 Ａ组，Ａ组插管后上述参数明显升高（Ｐ <０．０１），升高的幅度比用药三组有显著差异（ Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论ＵＲＡ能有效地预防气管拔管引起的心血管反应，剂量用０．３～０．５ｍｇ．ｋｇ~(－１)为宜，０．１ｍｇ．ｋｇ~(－１)的效果略差。
Objective To observe the effect of Urapidil (URA) in preventing cardiovascular response during tracheal extubation. Methods One hundred and twelve patients (ASAI ~ Ⅱ) undergoing general anesthesia were divided into four groups, 28 cases in each group. The age, gender, weight and operation method of the four groups were similar, and the anesthetic methods were the same. A group of control group without medication direct dialing, medication group B, C, D were intravenously injected urapidil (URA) 0.5,0.3,0.1 mg. kg ~ (-1) extubation after 5 minutes. Results After extubation, the cardiovascular responses in groups B, C and D were stable. The SBP, DBP, MAP, HR and RPP in group A were significantly higher than those in group A (P <0.01). The increase of group D was much higher than that of group B and C, but significantly lower than that of group A. The above parameters of group A were significantly increased after intubation (P <0.01) ), The magnitude of increase was significantly different from the three groups (P <0.05). Conclusion URA can effectively prevent tracheal extubation-induced cardiovascular response, the dose with 0.3 ~ 0.5mg. kg ~ (-1) is appropriate, 0.1mg. kg ~ (-1) the effect is slightly worse.