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纳米科技是研究0.1~100nm粒级范围内物质特性的科学,纳米颗粒处于纳米尺度,具有表面与界面效应、小尺寸效应、宏观量子隧道效应和量子尺寸效应等特殊的物化性质。纳米科技涉及地球科学的诸多领域,并在矿物学、岩石学、地球化学、构造地质学、能源地质学和矿床学等领域取得了重要进展。本文在总结、归纳前人的研究并结合作者最新研究结果的基础上,进一步提出了纳米地质学的概念:以纳米科学与地球科学为依托,以纳米技术与地学研究方法为手段,以固体地球物质为研究对象,对各种地质体中已知或有待探知的纳米颗粒和纳米孔隙进行深入研究,从而揭示地质过程中纳米效应与地质现象的关系及其规律的科学;系统地分析了纳米科技与地质学结合产生的各分支学科:纳米矿物学、纳米岩石学、纳米地球化学、纳米构造地质学、纳米能源地质学、纳米矿床学、纳米地震地质学和纳米环境地质学等;全面阐述了纳米地质学及纳米成藏成矿领域重大和前沿科学问题,并探讨了其发展趋势,由此指出,纳米地质学的兴起和发展将必然带来地学领域革命性的挑战。
Nanotechnology is a science to study the material properties within the grain size range of 0.1-100nm. The nanometer technology is on the nanometer scale with special physical and chemical properties such as surface and interface effect, small size effect, macroscopic quantum tunneling effect and quantum size effect. Nanotechnology involves many fields of geosciences and has made important advances in the fields of mineralogy, petrology, geochemistry, tectonics, energy geology and mineralogy. Based on the summarization and conclusion of previous researches and the latest research findings of the author, this paper further proposed the concept of nano-geology: relying on nanoscience and earth science, taking nanotechnology and geosciences as the means to solid earth Material for the study of various geological body known or to be discovered nanoparticle and nanopore in-depth study to reveal the geological process of the relationship between the nano-effect and geological phenomena and its laws of science; systematic analysis of nanotechnology In combination with geology, there are various branches of science: nanomaterialogy, nanoscale petrology, nanoelectrochemistry, nanostructured geology, nanoenergy geology, nanometer deposit geology, nanoseismic geology and nanoemology geology; Nano-geology and nano-forming mineralization in the field of major and cutting-edge scientific issues, and discusses its development trend, which pointed out that the rise and development of nano-geology will inevitably bring revolutionary challenges in geosciences.