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目的:对手足口病的流行病学特征及预防情况进行探究分析,为今后的防控工作,提供有价值的参考信息。方法:选择2012年1月-2015年12月间,我院收治的手足口病患儿648例作为研究对象,并以2013年12月31日为节点,在2012-2013年间接收的患者纳入到对照组,在2014-2015年接收的患者纳入到观察组,2014年后开始实施严格的预防措施。对比两组各季度预防情况,手足口病发病年龄分布、临床表现等。结果:统计发现,实施严格的预防措施后,观察组手足口病在各季度的发病例数均较对照组发生明显减少(P<0.05);两组患儿在各个年龄段均有发病,多集中在1-4岁儿童中,观察组1、2岁年龄段发病率较对照组低(P<0.05);两组患儿在临床症状、进程等方面比较,无明显差异(P>0.05);两组患儿的致病病毒存在明显差异(P<0.05)。结论:对于1-5岁儿童而言,其为手足口病的主要发病群体,随着预防手段的实施,手足口病致病病毒有所改变,因此,做好手足口病的预防工作,对于降低发病,改善诊疗效果具有重要意义,值得关注。
Objective: To study the epidemiological characteristics and prevention of hand-foot-mouth disease and provide valuable reference information for prevention and control work in the future. Methods: From January 2012 to December 2015, 648 children with hand-foot-mouth disease admitted to our hospital from January 2012 to December 2015 were enrolled in this study. The patients received between 2012 and 2013 on December 31, 2013 were included in the study. Patients in the control group, receiving in 2014-2015, were included in the observation group and strict precautions were implemented after 2014. Comparison of the two groups of quarterly prevention, the incidence of hand, foot and mouth disease age distribution, clinical manifestations. Results: The statistics found that after the implementation of strict precautionary measures, the incidence of hand, foot and mouth disease in the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P <0.05); both groups had incidence in all age groups Concentration of children aged 1-4 years, the observation group 1,2-year-old age group incidence was lower than the control group (P <0.05); two groups of children in terms of clinical symptoms, progression, etc., no significant difference (P> 0.05) There was a significant difference in the virulent virus between the two groups (P <0.05). Conclusion: For children aged 1-5 years, it is the main disease group of hand-foot-mouth disease. With the implementation of preventive measures, the pathogenic virus of hand-foot-mouth disease has been changed. Therefore, prevention of hand-foot-mouth disease should be done well. Reduce the incidence and improve the treatment effect of great significance, it is worth attention.