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目的:了解宁波铸造行业职业病危害知信行现状,为职业健康教育工作提供依据。方法:采取整群抽样的方法,抽取宁波地区20家铸造企业进行问卷调查,分析近两年铸造业的职业病危害因素。结果:1宁波铸造业工人岗前职业卫生培训率为80.0%,《职业病防治法》知晓率81.9%,而职业卫生权利知晓率和超标岗位职业病危害知晓率较低;2职业病防治知信行与岗前培训、危害告知、经常性职业卫生知识培训明显相关(P<0.001);3职业病危害防护知晓、意识、行为得分与学历程度、岗前培训内容成正相关,与年龄成负相关。结论:铸造工职业卫生知识水平较低,职业卫生培训意愿率较高,应加强岗前培训、危害告知和经常性职业卫生知识宣传。
Objective: To understand the status quo of the knowledge and practice of occupational hazards in casting industry in Ningbo, and to provide the basis for occupational health education. Methods: By means of cluster sampling, 20 casting enterprises in Ningbo were selected for questionnaire survey, and the occupational hazards in foundry industry in the past two years were analyzed. Results: 1 Ningbo Foundry workers pre-job occupational health training rate of 80.0%, “Occupational Disease Prevention Act” awareness rate of 81.9%, while occupational health awareness and occupational health awareness of occupational hazards is low; 2 occupational disease prevention and information line and post (P <0.001); 3 Occupational hazards awareness, awareness, behavioral scores and education levels, pre-service training is positively related to age, and is negatively correlated with age. Conclusion: Foundry workers have lower occupational health knowledge and higher occupational health training willingness rate. They should strengthen pre-job training, hazard notification and frequent occupational health publicity.