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本文利用文化空间理论对雷蒙·威廉斯的小说《第二代》进行研究和赏析。威廉斯所创作的“威尔士”三部曲中的另外两部小说《边界》和《为蒙诺德而战》都围绕主人公的威尔士情结展开叙述,甚至以此为主题。本文认为,《第二代》与这另外两部小说的不同之处在于,作者在小说中关注的是牛津这个工业化社会的社会现实。小说中的社会是一个工业主义影响深远的社会。作者写作该书的真正目的在于对该社会中纷繁芜杂的现实提出自己的洞见。工业主义就像是一台大石磨,在工业化社会里,无论是无产阶级、资产阶级,还是知识分子,都会被它所碾磨,它才是作者谴责的对象。
This article uses the theory of cultural space to study and appraise Raymond Williams’ novel The Second Generation. The other two novels “Borders” and “Fighting for Monodos” in the “Wales” trilogy created by Williams are all narrated around the Welsh complex of the protagonist, even as the theme. This paper argues that “the second generation” differs from the other two novels in that the author focuses on the social reality of Oxford, an industrialized society. The society in the novel is a far-reaching industrialism society. The author’s real goal in writing this book is to make his own insight into the numerous and varied realities of the society. Industrialism is like a boulder mill. In an industrialized society, whether it be the proletariat, the bourgeoisie, or the intellectuals, it will be milled by it and it is the object of the author’s condemnation.