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目的:研究栽培模式对丹参光合作用及其产量的影响。方法:试验设覆地膜双垄、无地膜双垄和传统单垄3种栽培模式。使用LI-6400XT光合仪测定不同生育期丹参叶片的光合参数;并测量地上部分和地下部分生物量。结果:不同栽培模式下,丹参叶片气孔导度由大到小依次是覆地膜双垄>无地膜双垄>传统单垄;胞间CO_2浓度由大到小依次是无地膜双垄>覆地膜双垄>传统单垄;蒸腾速率由大到小依次是覆地膜双垄>无地膜双垄>传统单垄;净光合速率由大到小依次是覆地膜双垄>无地膜双垄>传统单垄。丹参地下部分鲜重和干重由大到小依次是覆地膜双垄>无地膜双垄>传统单垄,覆地膜双垄较无地膜双垄和传统单垄分别提高16.62%、18.20%和14.68%、48.62%。结论:地膜栽培模式通过提高土壤的含水量来降低水分胁迫,从而提高了丹参的光合效率,使其积累更多的干物质,最终达到提高药材产量的目的。
Objective: To study the effects of cultivation modes on photosynthesis and yield of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Methods: There were three cultivation modes covering double ridge of mulching film, double mulching without film mulching and traditional single ridge. The photosynthetic parameters of Salvia miltiorrhiza leaves at different growth stages were measured by LI-6400XT photosynthesis system. The biomass of aerial parts and underground parts were measured. Results: Under different cultivation modes, the leaf stomatal conductance of Danshen was as follows: double ridge with plastic film mulch> double ridge without plastic film> traditional single ridge; Ridge> traditional single ridge; transpiration rate descending followed by double ridge of plastic film mulching> double mulching without film mulching> traditional single ridge; net photosynthetic rate descending followed by mulching double ridge> mulching double ridge> traditional single ridge . The fresh weight and dry weight of underground part of Salvia miltiorrhiza were double-ridge covered plastic film> double ridge covered without plastic film> double ridge with plastic film and single ridge increased by 16.62%, 18.20% and 14.68 %, 48.62%. Conclusion: Film mulching mode can reduce water stress by increasing water content of soil, thus increasing the photosynthetic efficiency of Salvia miltiorrhiza, accumulating more dry matter and finally increasing the yield of medicinal materials.