论文部分内容阅读
第二次世界大战后法国外交的主要目标是最大限度地削弱德国。法国试图把莱茵地区从德国分离出去,并把鲁尔置于国际管辖之下。然而由于战争带来的灾难性后果,以及美英的反对,法国未能做到这一点。在根据马歇尔计划接受美援后,法国便只得放弃严厉的对德政策。法国在1949年成为北约的一员,但在柏林危机时却拒绝和美英共同采取同样的有力的反苏措施。这意味着法国在进入冷战时是犹豫不定的。为此我们应该把冷战开始时法国所持的态度和美英区别开来。
The main objective of French diplomacy after the Second World War was to weaken Germany to the maximum. France sought to separate the Rhine region from Germany and to place Ruhr under international jurisdiction. However, France failed to do so because of the catastrophic consequences of the war and opposition from the United States and Britain. After receiving aid from the Marshall Plan, France will have to abandon its harsh German policy. France became a NATO member in 1949, but refused to take the same powerful anti-Soviet measures with the United States and Britain in the Berlin crisis. This means that France is hesitant to enter the Cold War. For this reason we should distinguish the attitude held by France from the United States and Britain when the Cold War began.