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(四)笙簧的增增减减先谈谈竽簧的变迁。《尔雅》上说:“竽管三十六宫在右,和十管宫居中。”《周礼》说:“笙师掌教吹竽,竽三十六簧。”魏朝张揖的《博雅》有“竽象笙,三十六管。”汉代的《风俗通义》说:“竽……管三十六簧,长四尺二寸,今二十三管。”1971年在长沙马王堆一号汉墓中出土的竽,为二十二簧。按这些记载和文物来看,竽在汉代不但有三十六簧大竽,同时还有二十三簧竽和二十二簧竽。从竽一下子被减去这么多簧,我们推想当时演奏者通过实践,发现三十六簧竽有着体积大捧握不便、簧管多费力耗气等问题。所
(D) increase or decrease of Sheng spring First talk about the change of spring. “Erya,” said: “竽 管 36 House on the right, and ten palace in the middle.” “Zhou Li,” said: “Sheng Shizhezhang blow 竽, 竽 thirty-six spring.” Burson-Marsteller has the “Elephant Sheng, thirty-six tube.” The Han Dynasty’s “custom of customs” said: “... ... thirty-six spring tube, four feet two inches long, now 23.” Changsha Mawangdui Han unearthed in the tomb, twenty-two spring. According to these records and cultural relics, 竽 in the Han Dynasty not only has thirty-six spring reincarnation, there are twenty-three spring reincarnation and twenty-two reincarnation. From 竽 suddenly be deducted so many spring, we suppose the performer at that time through practice, found that thirty-six spring 竽 with large volume holding inconvenience, more energy consumption horn and other issues. The