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采用水量平衡方法和集水区技术,利用2006年至2009年的观测资料,研究了豫南低山区落叶阔叶林生态系统的水量平衡.结果表明:系统年平均输入降水为1200.2 mm,其中79%集中在4-9月,主要支出项为径流和蒸散,分别为444.4 mm和754.3 mm,各占降水的37.0%和62.9%,土壤蓄水变化量仅为1.5 mm;林冠层对降水的分配中,林冠截留量407.4 mm,截留率33.9%,穿透水和树干茎流量分别为761.7 mm和31.1 mm,各占降水量的63.5%和2.6%.集水区年均径流输出总量为444.4 mm,其中地下径流420.9 mm,地表径流仅23.5 mm.落叶阔叶林生态系统具有良好的水文生态效应。
Based on the observation data from 2006 to 2009, the water balance of deciduous broad-leaved forest ecosystem in low mountainous area of southern Henan was studied by using the water balance method and water catchment technology.The results showed that the annual average input rainfall was 1200.2 mm, of which 79 % Were mainly from April to September. The major expenditures were runoff and evapotranspiration (444.4 mm and 754.3 mm respectively), accounting for 37.0% and 62.9% of the total rainfall respectively, and the variation of soil water storage was only 1.5 mm. Distribution of precipitation in the canopy , The canopy cutoff was 407.4 mm, the cut-off rate was 33.9%, and the penetration water and stem stem flow were 761.7 mm and 31.1 mm, accounting for 63.5% and 2.6% of the total respectively. The total annual runoff output of the catchment was 444.4 mm, of which the underground runoff is 420.9 mm and the surface runoff is only 23.5 mm. The deciduous broad-leaved forest ecosystem has good hydrological and ecological effects.