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目的探讨黑龙江省哈尔滨市社区居民高血压前期的患病率及其危险因素。方法采用整群抽样的方法,选择哈尔滨市的2个社区15岁以上的常住居民为研究对象,对其进行问卷调查并采集≥35岁居民空腹静脉血标本进行血糖及血脂的检测。结果共调查5 348人,男性2 152人,女性3 196人。高血压前期总患病率为33.10%,男性高血压前期患病率(39.41%)高于女性(28.85%),差异有统计学意义(2=209.83,P<0.001)。≥35岁的男性居民高血压前期患病率随着年龄的增加呈逐渐降低趋势(Z=-7.50,P<0.001),而女性在≥45岁显示高血压前期患病率随年龄的增加而呈降低趋势(Z=6.22,P<0.001)。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析结果提示:男性、年龄(≥45岁)、高血压家族史、腰围(男性≥85cm,女性≥80cm)、体质指数(≥25.0 kg/m2)和甘油三酯(≥1.7mmol/L)是高血压前期的危险因素;文化程度高是高血压前期的保护因素。结论高血压前期的患病在城市中较普遍,应及早预防,降低高血压前期转化为高血压的风险。
Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of prehypertension in community residents in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province. Methods The method of cluster sampling was used to select the residents who were over 15 years old in two communities in Harbin as subjects. The subjects were surveyed and the fasting venous blood samples of ≥35 years old were collected for blood sugar and blood lipid detection. Results A total of 5 348 persons were surveyed, including 2 152 males and 3 196 females. The prevalence of prehypertension was 33.10%. The prevalence rate of prehypertension in men was 39.41% higher than that in women (28.85%). The difference was statistically significant ( 2 = 209.83, P <0.001). Prevalence of prehypertension in men aged 35 years and older decreased gradually with age (Z = -7.50, P <0.001), whereas women aged ≥45 years showed pre-hypertension prevalence increased with age Showed a decreasing trend (Z = 6.22, P <0.001). Multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis indicated that male, age (≥45 years), family history of hypertension, waist circumference (male ≥85cm, female≥80cm), body mass index (≥25.0kg / m2) and triglyceride 1.7mmol / L) is a risk factor for prehypertension; a high level of education is a protective factor in prehypertension. Conclusion Prehypertension prevalent in the city is more common, should be prevented as soon as possible, reducing the risk of prehypertension into hypertension.