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针对复杂地表地质条件下地震资料覆盖次数不均、部分数据缺失而导致的地震资料品质下降、陡倾角地区成像质量变差等问题,文中采用了叠前三维共反射面叠加技术.共反射面叠加是一种与宏观速度无关且考虑了反射点曲率的地震成像方法.它利用共反射点道集一个邻域内(菲涅尔带)道之间的相关性,并将相干区域内道集的能量相加来增强地震反射信号和绕射波能量,并借助于相邻CMP道集数据形成CRS超道集,使得面元内的覆盖次数更加均匀;同时利用超道集的高覆盖次数来压制噪声,最终得到高信噪比道集数据.实际地震资料处理表明,该方法可大幅度地提高地震资料信噪比和分辨率,增强地震同相轴的连续性,此外还可为叠前偏移成像处理、AVO属性分析、叠前地震反演等提供高质量的输入数据.
Aiming at the problems such as the uneven coverage of seismic data under complex surface geological conditions, the decline of seismic data quality caused by the missing of some data and the poor image quality in steeply dipping regions, the prestack 3D co-reflection surface superposition technique is used in this paper. Is a seismic imaging method which has nothing to do with the macroscopic velocity and considers the curvature of the reflection point.It makes use of the correlation between the intra-area (Fresnel zone) lanes of the common reflection point gathers and the energy of the gathers in the coherent area To enhance the seismic reflection signal and the diffraction wave energy, and the CRS gather is formed by means of the adjacent CMP gather data so as to make the coverage number within the facet more uniform; meanwhile, the high coverage of the gather is used to suppress the noise Finally, the high SNR dataset is obtained.The actual seismic data processing shows that this method can greatly improve the signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of seismic data and enhance the continuity of seismic events, and also can be used for prestack migration imaging Processing, AVO attribute analysis, pre-stack seismic inversion, etc. to provide high-quality input data.