随着产业结构的调整和经营机制的转换,在部分企业特别是困难企业中,一个突出的问题是对富余人员的安置。在安置工作中值得注意的是有的企业擅自规定提前退休条件,甚至强行职工提前退休;也有的职工从眼前利益出发,创造各种条件“丧失劳动能力”,以提前退休。 关于丧失劳动能力的退休条件,国家早有规定。目前,我国劳动力资源供大于求。各级政府为此积极开展再就业工程,实施转岗培训,为富余人员重新就业上岗创造条件。对一些接近法定退休年龄,身体状况不佳,缺乏转岗就业能力的职工,在本人自愿的前提下,实行提前退休,不失为经济转轨特定历史时期的一种特殊措施。但是,必须充分注意提前退休特别是国家政策范围以外的提前退休带来的负效应。主要表现在: With the adjustment of industrial structure and the transformation of operational mechanisms, one prominent issue in some enterprises, especially difficult ones, is the placement of redundant personnel. It is noteworthy in the resettlement work that some enterprises prescribe early retirement conditions without authorization, and even force workers to retire early. Some workers also start with the immediate interests and create various conditions of “incapacity” to retire early. The state has long stipulated the retirement conditions for incapacity to work. At present, China’s labor resources supply exceeds demand. To this end, all levels of government have actively carried out reemployment projects, implemented transfer training and created conditions for the re-employment of surplus personnel. For some workers who are close to the legal retirement age, in poor physical condition and lack the ability to migrate to work, having implemented their early retirement on their own volition can be regarded as a special measure in the particular historic period of economic transition. However, full attention must be paid to the negative effects of early retirement beyond early retirement, especially beyond the scope of national policies. Mainly in: