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为探明保水剂施用后对冬小麦不同生育阶段水分利用的作用机理,在豫西丘陵旱作区,通过大田试验,研究了保水剂对冬小麦不同生育阶段的保水、作物的耗水特征、水分利用效率等的影响。结果表明:保水剂提高了冬小麦不同生育阶段0～100cm土层的土壤含水量、促进了生物量的积累、降低了小麦耗水量、提高了小麦产量和水分利用效率。各处理中,60和90kg/hm2处理的土壤含水量及储水量均较其他处理高,而耗水量最低。播种-拔节期,保水剂用量越高干物质积累越显著;拔节-孕穗期及灌浆-收获期,60kg/hm2处理较对照增加的干物质量最高;而孕穗-灌浆期,30kg/hm2干物质量增加最为显著。各生育阶段,除孕穗-灌浆期外,60kg/hm2处理的水分利用效率均较高。最终,60kg/hm2处理的产量和水分利用效率均最高,较对照增产47.4%,水分利用效率增加10.6kg/(mm·hm2)。
In order to find out the mechanism of action of water-retaining agent on the water use efficiency of winter wheat at different growth stages, field experiments were conducted to study the effect of water-retaining agent on water retention, crop water consumption characteristics and water use efficiency of winter wheat at different growth stages. Efficiency and other effects. The results showed that the water-retaining agent increased the soil moisture content of 0-100 cm soil layer in different growth stages of winter wheat, promoted the accumulation of biomass, reduced the water consumption of wheat and increased the wheat yield and water use efficiency. In each treatment, the soil moisture content and water storage capacity of 60 and 90 kg / hm2 treatments were higher than those of other treatments and the water consumption was the lowest. The dry matter accumulation was more significant at the sowing-jointing stage and the higher amount of water-retaining agent. The dry matter weight of the 60 kg / hm2 treatment at jointing-booting stage and filling-harvesting period was the highest compared with the control; The most significant. In all growth stages, the water use efficiency of 60kg / hm2 was higher than that of booting stage-filling stage. Finally, the yield and water use efficiency of 60kg / hm2 treatment were the highest, 47.4% more than CK and 10.6kg / (mm · hm2) water use efficiency.