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为有效地利用我国玉米的种质资源，对选自我国西南地区的２７个玉米地方品种和３个美国玉米群体（ＢＳＳＳ、Ｌａｎｃａｓｔｅｒ和品种综合种）进行了配合力分析。方差分析表明，１２个性状在组合间均达到显著或极显著水平。在大多数性状尤其是株高、倒伏率、千粒重和单株产量的基因型方差中，一般配合力方差占的比例较高。白瘦地根、大子白、花六十早和六十早等几个地方品种具有较好的农艺性状和产量一般配合力，是组建基础群体的重要种质资源。ＢＳＳＳ是一个适应性较好的外来群体，对改造和提高西南地区玉米地方品种的抗倒伏性和产量具有较好的效果。
In order to effectively utilize the germplasm resources of China’s maize, the combining ability analysis was conducted on 27 maize landraces and 3 American maize populations (BSSS, Lancaster and comprehensive species breeds) selected from southwest China. Analysis of variance showed that 12 traits all reached significant or extremely significant levels among the combinations. In most of the traits, especially the variance of genotypes with plant height, lodging rate, 1000-grain weight and yield per plant, the proportion of general combining ability variance is higher. Several local cultivars with white thin roots, large white flowers, early 60s and early 60s have better agronomic traits and general combining ability, and are important germplasm resources for establishing basic groups. BSSS is a more adaptable alien population, which has a good effect on rebuilding and improving lodging resistance and yield of maize landraces in Southwest China.