Objective: To analyze the inductive agents, post-surgical managements and precautions of the serious complications caused by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods: Clinical data of 2 375 cases of TACE for 832 patients with middlestage or advanced hepatocellular carcinoma from January 1994 to December 2002 were analyzed. Results: There were 7 cases of serious complications, one of which was liver carcinoma rupture and another was acute renal failure. Totally there were 4 cases of paraplegia and one case of conduit knotted. Conclusion: Deadly complications may happen after TACE and it needs close surveillance and management in time.