目的　探讨学龄期儿童与成人心率变异性 (HRV)、心室复极时间变异性 (RDV)的差异。方法　对10 0例学龄期 (6～ 14岁 )健康儿童与 10 0例健康成人 (2 0～ 44岁 )进行短程 (5min)HRV、RDV检测 ,采集时域SDNN、MSD、RMSSD、频域LH(nu)、HF(nu)、LF/HP指标 ,并进行统计学分析。结果　HRV时域中学龄期儿童SDNN(5 3 80± 32 0 0 )ms,比成人 (4 4 33± 2 8 6 4)ms大 ,P <0 0 5 ;频域LF(nu)学龄期儿童 (4 2 38± 14 75 )比成人 (37 96± 15 95 )大 ,P <0 0 5 ;RDV中时域、频域指标两组无明显差异。结论　HRV可作为自主神经功能定量测试指标 ,而RDV可能只与心肌细胞的电生理特征有关 Objective To investigate the differences of heart rate variability (HRV) and ventricular repolarization time difference (RDV) between school children and adults. Methods Short-term (5 min) HRV and RDV were detected in 100 healthy school-aged children (6-14 years) and 100 healthy adults (20-40 years old). SDNN, MSD, RMSSD and frequency domain LH (nu), HF (nu), LF / HP, and statistical analysis. Results SDNN (53 8 ± 32 0 0) ms in school-age children in HRV time-domain was larger than that of adults (443 ± 2 864) ms, P <0 05; LF (nu) (4 2 38 ± 14 75) than adults (37 96 ± 15 95), P <0 05. There was no significant difference in RDV between the two groups in time and frequency domain. Conclusion HRV can be used as a quantitative index of autonomic nervous function, while RDV may only be related to the electrophysiological characteristics of cardiomyocytes