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目的考察主观锻炼体验在体育锻炼与大学生身体自尊关系中的中介作用。方法抽取陕西省延安大学、安徽省淮北师范大学2所高校的721名在校非体育专业大学生,对其体育锻炼、身体自尊和主观锻炼体验进行调查。结果身体自尊各维度、主观锻炼体验的积极幸福感和心理烦恼维度得分在不同体育锻炼水平大学生间差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01)。体育锻炼与身体自尊各维度、主观锻炼体验的积极幸福感维度均呈正相关,体育锻炼、除身体吸引力的身体自尊其他4个维度均与心理烦恼呈负相关(P值均<0.01)。递归路径模型拟合较好,体育锻炼对身体自尊的直接作用为0.27,体育锻炼对主观锻炼体验的直接作用为0.42,主观锻炼体验对身体自尊的直接作用为0.53,身体锻炼通过主观锻炼体验对身体自尊的间接作用为0.22,体育锻炼对身体自尊的总效应为0.54(P值均<0.01),体育锻炼和主观锻炼体验对身体自尊的联合解释量约为42%。结论体育锻炼和主观锻炼体验均能改善身体自尊水平,而且主观锻炼体验在体育锻炼与大学生身体自尊间起部分中介作用。
Objective To investigate the mediating effect of subjective exercise experience on the relationship between physical exercise and college students’ body self-esteem. Methods A total of 721 undergraduate students from non-physical education at Yan’an University in Shaanxi Province and Huaibei Normal University in Anhui Province were selected for investigation of physical exercise, physical self-esteem and subjective exercise experience. Results The scores of physical self-esteem, subjective exercise experience of active happiness and psychological disturbance dimensions were statistically significant among undergraduates at different levels of physical exercise (P <0.01). There was a positive correlation between physical exercise and body self-esteem dimensions and positive sense of happiness in subjective exercise experience. Physical exercise and body self-esteem other than body attractiveness were negatively correlated with psychological distress (P <0.01). The recursive path model fits well, the direct effect of physical exercise on body self-esteem is 0.27, the direct effect of physical exercise on subjective exercise experience is 0.42, the direct effect of subjective exercise experience on body self-esteem is 0.53, and the physical exercise is through subjective exercise experience The indirect effect of physical self-esteem is 0.22. The total effect of physical exercise on body self-esteem is 0.54 (P <0.01). The combined interpretation of physical exercise and subjective exercise experience on body self-esteem is about 42%. Conclusion Both physical exercise and subjective exercise experience can improve the level of physical self-esteem, and the subjective exercise experience plays a part mediating role between physical exercise and college students’ physical self-esteem.