农民肺是一种严重威胁农民健康的职业病。它是由于农民在生产劳动过程中,吸入含有高温放线菌的霉谷草粉尘引起的一种急慢性肺部疾病;反复发作可引起肺间质纤维化而导致肺心病。1982年武汉医学院病理教研室报道我国第一例农民肺尸检病例后,在湖北省洪湖县又相继发现了数例疑似本病患者,经病史、体征、血清学检查、胸部X线透视、肺功能检查等确诊为农民肺。为了查明病因,该院微生物教研室、病理教研室、附属二院呼吸器病研究室之间协作开展了研究。他们从洪湖县的稻草、粉尘和患者痰中分离出高温放线菌等48株。经鉴定为普通高温放线菌,白色高温放线菌,绿色高温放线菌和热吸水链霉菌四种,其中热吸水链霉菌国内外尚 Peasant lungs are a serious occupational disease that threatens the health of peasants. It is due to peasants in the production process of labor, inhalation of moldy mildew caused by high temperature actinomycetes dust caused an acute and chronic lung disease; recurrent episodes of pulmonary fibrosis can lead to pulmonary heart disease. 1982 Department of Pathology, Wuhan Medical College reported the first case of lung autopsy in China after the case, in Honghu County, Hubei Province, have also found a few suspected cases of this disease, history, signs, serological tests, chest X-ray, pulmonary function Check and other diagnosed as farmer lung. In order to identify the cause, the hospital microbiology department, Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Respiratory Diseases Laboratory collaborative research. They isolated 48 strains of high-temperature actinomycetes from straw, dust and sputum of patients in Honghu County. Identified as ordinary high-temperature actinomycetes, white high-temperature actinomycetes, green high-temperature actinomycetes and heat-absorbing Streptomyces four, including Streptomyces thermophilus at home and abroad