沉积岩中的层理构造大多是在沉积时的物理作用下产生的,因此提供了有关地质作用、沉积环境和古地理方面的大量信息。在大部分岩石中,层理构造的细节可以通过各沉积层间的颜色、结构、成分或胶结物的变化而显示出来。然而,在许多沉积物中用肉眼看不出结构、成分与胶结物等的明显变化,以致岩石在表面上看来是无构造和均质的,通常称其为“块状层理”(massive bedding)或“均质层理”(homogeneous bedding)。这种现象在野外露头和岩心中都经常遇到。实际上,并非所有的块状层理都 Most of the stratigraphic structures in sedimentary rocks are produced by the physical effects of sedimentation, thus providing a wealth of information on geological processes, sedimentary environment and palaeogeography. In most rocks, details of the bedding structure can be visualized by changes in color, structure, composition, or cement between the layers. However, in many sediments the apparent change in structure, composition, cementation, etc., can not be seen with the naked eye so that the rock appears to be non-structural and homogeneous on the surface, commonly referred to as “massive” bedding or a homogeneous bedding. This phenomenon is often encountered in outcrops and cores. In fact, not all blocky layers are