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本文认为,长期存在的把典型化视为文学形象创造的唯一方式的认识,忽视了象征化的重要地位;作为一种独立的与典型化相对立的形象创造方式,象征化具有自己的特征;象征化与典型化一样,都要求个别化与概括化的统一;但是,在个性化、概括论以及二者的统一上,二者各有特征。本文通过矛盾的《野蔷薇》与海明威的《老人与海》的具体分析、比较,提出了典型化与象征化在形象营构上的区别,对二者的特征作了简明的概括。
This article argues that long-standing cognition of using typification as the only way of creating literary images ignores the important position of symbolism. As an independent and typifying image creation mode, symbolism has its own characteristics. Both symbolism and typification require unity of individualization and generalization; however, both have their own characteristics in terms of personalization, generalization, and the unification of the two. Through the analysis and comparison between the contradictory “Rose” and Hemingway’s “The Old Man and the Sea”, this paper presents the differences between the typical and the symbolic in the image structure and concisely summarizes the two characteristics.