一、管理现代化的基本概念“现代化”是一个世界性的概念,包含着物质生活与精神生活两个方面,可看作是一种衡量标准。一个国家的现代化水平可以从国民收入、劳动生产率、科技先进性和物质,文化生活水平四个方面去衡量。这个标准是相对的,是一个从量变到质变的运动过程。不同国家与地区实现现代化的进程、道路和方法不会是同一的,而要因具体条件不同而不同,其中有共性,也有个性。可知,现代化管理和管理现代化是两个不同的概念。前者是目标,是衡量标准,后者是实现目标的理 I. The basic concept of management modernization “Modernization” is a worldwide concept that encompasses both material and spiritual life and can be considered as a measure. The level of modernization of a country can be measured in terms of national income, labor productivity, scientific and technological advancement, and material and cultural living standards. This standard is relative and it is a movement process from quantitative change to qualitative change. The progress, roads, and methods for realizing modernization in different countries and regions will not be the same, but will vary according to specific conditions, including commonness and individuality. It can be seen that modern management and management modernization are two different concepts. The former is the goal, the metric, and the latter is the rationale for achieving the goal.