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森林火灾是森林生态系统重要的干扰因子,是导致植被和土壤碳储量减少的重要途径之一.森林火灾含碳气体排放对大气碳平衡及全球气候变化具有重要影响,科学有效地对其进行计量,对了解森林火灾在全球碳循环和碳平衡中的地位具有重要意义.本文从3个方面阐述森林火灾碳排放计量模型的研究进展:森林火灾直接排放总碳和含碳气体计量方法;森林火灾碳排放计量模型的影响因子及计量参数;森林火灾碳排放计量中不确定性原因剖析.最后提出了提高碳排放计量定量化的3种路径选择:利用高分辨率遥感数据、改进算法、提高森林火灾面积的估测精度、结合有效可燃物计量模型,提高估测可燃物载量的准确率;使用高分辨率遥感影像,并结合室内控制实验、野外试验与火烧迹地调查确定燃烧效率;通过大量室内燃烧实验和野外空中采样来确定排放因子和排放比.
Forest fire is an important disturbance factor of forest ecosystem and one of the important ways to reduce the carbon storage of vegetation and soil.Carbon fire emissions from forest fires have an important impact on atmospheric carbon balance and global climate change and are scientifically and effectively measured , It is of great significance to know the status of forest fire in the global carbon cycle and carbon balance.This paper elaborates the research progress of the measurement model of forest fire carbon emissions from three aspects: direct measurement of total carbon and carbon emission in forest fires, forest fires The influencing factors and measurement parameters of carbon emissions measurement model and the analysis of the causes of uncertainty in the measurement of carbon emissions from forest fires.Finally, we put forward three ways to improve the measurement and quantification of carbon emissions: using high resolution remote sensing data, improving the algorithm and improving the forest Fire area estimation accuracy, combined with effective combustibles metrology model to improve the accuracy of the estimated combustible load; the use of high-resolution remote sensing images, combined with indoor control experiments, field experiments and the fire to determine the combustion site investigation; through a large number Indoor combustion experiments and field aerial sampling to determine emission factors and emission ratios.