结核菌苗(卡介苗)接种是控制与消灭结核病措施中的一项很重要组成部分。结核菌苗是将结核菌用13年的时间,经过231代移植培养,使一株毒性很强的牛型结核菌的毒性降低到对任何动物皆不能致病的程度而能产生免疫力,并且经过试验,该菌亦不能再恢复其原有的毒力,这株菌的残余毒性已成为固定毒。1921年首次在一小儿身上应用,自1924年以后在欧州特别是北欧开始应用,但世界上大多数国家则是在第二次世界大战后开始接种的,其 Tuberculosis vaccine (BCG) vaccination is to control and eliminate tuberculosis measures is a very important part. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the use of TB for 13 years, after 231 generations of transplanting culture, so that a virulent strain of Mycobacterium bovis toxicity to any animal can not cause disease and can produce immunity, and After testing, the bacteria can no longer restore its original virulence, the residual toxicity of this strain has become a fixed poison. It was applied for the first time in a young child in 1921 and has been in use since 1924 in Europe especially in Northern Europe, but most countries in the world started vaccination after the Second World War.