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目的了解慢性病行为危险因素在朝阳区成年人群中的流行状况,为制定适合的干预措施提供基础数据。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样的方法,在朝阳区抽取1 280名常住居民作为调查对象,以询问的方式进行问卷调查。对数据进行描述性统计分析和χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果共调查朝阳区常住居民1 276名,每日吸烟率为13.56%;严重饮酒率为6.98%,男性单次大量饮酒率高于女性(χ2=84.82、P<0.01);居民饮食结构不合理;身体活动不足率为40.67%,男性身体活动不足率显著高于女性(P<0.05)。高血压、血脂异常、糖尿病的自报患病率分别为23.98%、13.95%、10.82%,不同年龄组人群间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。正确认识吸烟、二手烟是心血管疾病危险因素的人群比例分别为74.45%、72.57%,对慢性病高危人群有正确判断和认识的人群比例为0.78%。结论朝阳区成人慢性病行为危险因素较多,慢性病知识知晓率还需要提高。
Objective To understand the epidemiological status of behavioral risk factors of chronic diseases in adult population in Chaoyang District and provide the basic data for the development of appropriate interventions. Methods A multistage cluster random sampling method was used to take 1,280 resident inhabitants in Chaoyang District as the survey subjects and conduct questionnaires by means of inquiry. The data descriptive statistical analysis and χ2 test, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results A total of 1 276 resident residents were investigated in Chaoyang District. The daily smoking rate was 13.56%. The serious drinking rate was 6.98%. The single heavy drinking rate was higher in men than in women (χ2 = 84.82, P <0.01). The diet structure of residents was unreasonable . The rate of physical inactivity was 40.67%, and the rate of physical inactivity in males was significantly higher than that in females (P <0.05). The prevalence of hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus were 23.98%, 13.95% and 10.82%, respectively. There were significant differences among different age groups (P <0.01). Correct understanding of smoking, second-hand smoke is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, the proportion of the population were 74.45%, 72.57%, the proportion of people with a correct judgment and understanding of the risk of chronic diseases was 0.78%. Conclusion There are many risk factors for chronic diseases in adults in Chaoyang District, and the knowledge of chronic diseases needs to be improved.