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在固体物理学中,象力是指自由面吸引裂缝的力量,本文把这一概念用于不均匀地壳中,则象力可定义为地壳中任何易于变形,让位界面对裂缝的吸引力。按照这一观点,我们讨论了象力在组合模式和短临预报中的作用并得到如下结论。1.组合模式中的应力调整单元,如蠕滑断层,塑性区,裂丛区等可以近似为自由面。因而它对于积累单元预位移的传播或裂缝的传播具有吸引力。2.象力出现的标志是当传播的预位移和裂缝端部产生的动态应力场达及调整单元时,此时调整单元发生形变监产生前兆。当裂缝由深处向浅处传播,其端部的动态应力场达及自由面时,此时自由面用形变来满足自由面条件从而引起前兆。本文的讨论表明,震源两端的调整单元的同时性表明大震的发生为期不远了。因此调整单元对于预位移和裂缝的传播具有监视作用。本文以海城地震前兆特征为例讨论了这个问题。并由此认为组合模式中调整单元的象力作用比单向蠕裂断层面向震源区的传播更符合实际情况。
In solid state physics, force refers to the force that a free surface attracts a crack. In this paper, we apply this concept to uneven crusts. Then the force can be defined as any deformation that is easily deformable in the earth’s crust, allowing the interface to be attractive to fractures. From this point of view, we discuss the role of elephant forces in combining patterns and short-term forecasts and draw the following conclusions. 1. Combination mode of stress adjustment unit, such as creeping faults, plastic zone, rift zone can be approximated as a free surface. It is therefore attractive for the propagation of pre-displacement accumulations or the propagation of cracks. 2. The sign of the emergence of force is that when the pre-displacement and the dynamic stress field generated at the crack tip reach the adjusting unit, the adjusting unit will produce the precursor of deformation monitoring. When the crack propagates from deep to shallow and the dynamic stress field at the tip reaches the free surface, the free surface will meet the free surface condition by deformation to cause the precursor. The discussion in this paper shows that the simultaneity of the adjustment units at both ends of the source shows that the occurrence of a large earthquake is not far off. The adjustment unit therefore has the effect of monitoring the pre-displacement and propagation of cracks. This paper discusses the problem with the precursor features of Haicheng earthquake as an example. Therefore, it is considered that the modulating effect of the unit in the combined mode is more in line with the actual situation than the propagation of the unidirectional creep fault in the source region.