大豆起源于我国,栽培历史悠久,营养丰富,是一种经济价值和食用价值很高的作物。其种子含脂肪20％左右,蛋白质40％左右。国外大豆栽培历史较短,一般在十八世纪末才从我国传入。一九五四年以前我国大豆无论是总产、单产均占世界第一位。但从五十年代以后,由于政策不落实,加上片面地理解“以粮为纲”,大豆种植面积逐年减少,总产量逐年下降,而国外大豆生产则迅速发展,特别是近年来美国、巴西、阿根廷、加拿大、日本、苏联等国大豆生产突飞猛进。美国、巴西总产量分别跃居世界第一、第二位,而我国退居第三位。最近几年我国每年还要从外国进口一定数量的大豆,满足国内人民对大豆的需要。由于历史原因,新疆大豆生产一直比较落后。最高年份,全疆播种面积仅有四十五万亩,七十年代后每年种植面积不足二十万亩,单位面积产量平均只有70—80斤。在南疆,不仅种植面积 Soybean originated in China, cultivation has a long history and rich nutrition, is a high economic value and edible crops. Its seeds contain about 20% fat, 40% protein. Soybean cultivation history is relatively short, usually imported from our country at the end of the eighteenth century. Before 1954, both the total output of soybean in our country and the output of single-crop took the first place in the world. However, since the 1950s, due to the fact that the policy was not implemented and the one-sided understanding of “taking grain as the key link”, the soybean acreage decreased year by year and the total output decreased year by year. However, the overseas soybean production developed rapidly, especially in the United States, Brazil Soybean production in Argentina, Canada, Japan, the Soviet Union and other countries by leaps and bounds. The total output of the United States and Brazil respectively ranks first and second in the world and third place in our country. In recent years, China also imports a certain amount of soybean from foreign countries every year to meet the needs of domestic people for soybean. Due to historical reasons, soybean production in Xinjiang has been relatively backward. In the highest year, the area planted in Xinjiang was only 450,000 mu. After the 1970s, the annual acreage was less than 200,000 mu. The yield per unit area was only 70-80 kg on average. In southern Xinjiang, not only planted area