解放前黑热病是淮北的地方病,1958年后已极为少见.最近陈德蕙等报告1976冬在内蒙发现一批淋巴结黑热病,开始因缺乏经验而未被及时识别.我院74年曾收治一例黑热病,误诊为“肝硬化’及“再障”,现报告于下,以引起本地区医务人员的注意. Before liberation, kala-azar was an endemic disease in Huaibei and it was extremely rare after 1958. Recently, Chen De-hui et al reported that a group of lymphadenopathies were found in Inner Mongolia in the winter of 1976 and they were not recognized promptly due to lack of experience. One case of kala-azar was admitted to our hospital in 74 years, misdiagnosed as “Cirrhosis” and “aplastic anemia” are reported below to draw the attention of medical staff in this region.