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目的了解北京市海淀区居民对获取心理健康知识的途径及对精神疾病的态度,为如何有针对性地开展心理健康宣教工作,改善人们对精神疾病的态度提供依据。方法以北京市海淀区听讲座的社区居民1 080人为调查对象,采用精神疾病有关态度问卷进行调查,分析结果和可能的相关因素。结果居民获取心理健康知识的途径主要为电视或广播及报刊书籍,分别占66.48%和60.93%。调查人群整体对精神疾病的态度平均分为(35.66±6.27)分。不同年龄、不同职业间对精神疾病态度差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),已婚与未婚间对精神疾病态度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论北京市居民对精神疾病仍存在歧视与误区,仍需大力开展精神卫生知识普及,加强精神疾病预后与转归方面的宣传,改善公众对精神疾病的认识和接纳程度。电视、广播、报刊、书籍是人们获得心理健康知识的主要途径,心理健康讲座和网络次之,要充分利用主要途径开展宣传教育,扩大与开发其他途径。
Objective To understand the ways of inhabitants in Haidian District of Beijing for acquiring mental health knowledge and their attitude toward mental illness, and to provide basis for how to carry out mental health mission-oriented education and improve people’s attitudes towards mental illness. Methods A total of 1,080 community residents who participated in lectures in Haidian District of Beijing were surveyed, and questionnaires about mental illness were used to investigate and analyze the results and possible related factors. Results Residents’ access to mental health knowledge mainly came from television or radio and newspapers and magazines, accounting for 66.48% and 60.93% respectively. Survey population overall attitude towards mental illness, the average is divided into (35.66 ± 6.27) points. There were significant differences in attitudes toward mental illness among different ages and occupations (P <0.01), and differences in attitude toward mental illness between married and unmarried (P <0.05). Conclusion Residents in Beijing still face discrimination and misunderstandings about mental illness. Therefore, vigorous efforts should be made to popularize mental health knowledge, enhance publicity on the prognosis and prognosis of mental illnesses, and improve public awareness and acceptance of mental illness. Television, radio, newspapers and periodicals are the main ways for people to acquire mental health knowledge. Psychological health lectures and networks are second, and public education should be fully utilized to expand and develop other ways.