论文部分内容阅读
生命是什么?这也许是一个自人类诞生以来就一直在问的问题。在历史上,人们曾经给出过许多不同的回答。但是,不论这些回答的具体内容如何,大都可以被划归两个相互对立的派别,即“还原论”(re-ductionism)和“活力论”(vitalism)派别。还原论认为,生命的构成与非生命没有本质区别,而且生命的活动同样遵循着基本的物理和化学规律。活力论则相信,生命世界与非生命的无机世界存在着截然的界线,有着其特殊的活动规律。这两个派别的产生可以追溯到古希腊时期。当时的还原论代表是提出原子论的哲学
What is life? This may be a question that has been asking since the birth of mankind. Historically, people have given many different answers. However, no matter what the specifics of these answers, most of them can be classified into two opposing factions: “re-ductionism” and “vitalism”. Reductionism holds that there is no essential difference between the composition of life and non-life, and that the activities of life also follow the basic laws of physics and chemistry. The theory of vitality believes that there is a clear dividing line between the life world and the non-life inorganic world, and has its special rules of activity. The two factions can be traced back to the ancient Greek period. At that time, the reductionist representative proposed the philosophy of atomic theory