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目的:了解上海市抗高血压药物、抗糖尿病药物、抗精神失常药物和抗生素的费用和用量的变化趋势。方法:选取1994～1999年上海市医院用药分析系统中的抗高血压药物、抗糖尿病药物、抗精神失常药物和抗生素类药品数据资料,以年为时间单位,以1994年为基年,每种药品的费用按1994年的不变价格计算,每种药品的用量折算成DDDs。结果:这4类药品的总费用和总用量均呈增长趋势,总费用的增长率超过总用量的增长率。费用最高的是抗生素,费用增长率最高的是抗糖尿病药物和抗精神失常药物。用量最多的是抗高血压药物,用量增长率最高的是抗糖尿病药物。结论:上海市这4类药品的总费用快速增长,用药价格水平逐步上升,疾病谱不断变化。
Objective: To understand the trends in the cost and use of antihypertensive drugs, antidiabetic drugs, antipsychotic drugs, and antibiotics in Shanghai. METHODS: Data on antihypertensives, antidiabetic drugs, antipsychotic drugs, and antibiotics in the Shanghai Hospital Drug Analysis System from 1994 to 1999 were selected. The year was the time unit, and 1994 was the base year. The cost of medicines was calculated at the constant price in 1994, and the amount of each medicine was converted into DDDs. Results: The total cost and total usage of these four categories of drugs showed an increasing trend, and the growth rate of total expenses exceeded the growth rate of total usage. The highest cost is antibiotics, and the highest rate of expense growth is anti-diabetic drugs and anti-mental drugs. The most used amount is antihypertensive drugs, and the highest rate of growth is antidiabetic drugs. Conclusion: The total cost of these four types of drugs in Shanghai has grown rapidly, the price level of drugs has risen gradually, and the spectrum of diseases has constantly changed.