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目的:分析术后早期营养护理干预对老年腹部手术患者术后营养及胃肠功能的影响。方法:选择2013年1月-2015年6月于绍兴市立医院外科行胆管癌根治术治疗的老年患者120例,采用随机数字表法将患者随机分为试验组和对照组,每组各60例。两组患者术后均给予胆管癌术后常规护理,对照组在常规护理基础上给予常规饮食护理,观察组在常规护理基础上给予早期营养护理干预。比较两组术后胃肠功能恢复情况、相关临床指标变化、术后不良反应发生率及康复情况。结果:试验组患者术后进食时间、肛门排气时间、肛门排便时间和肠鸣音恢复时间均显著短于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患者术后第7d前白蛋白、白蛋白及淋巴细胞计数均较术前显著降低(P<0.05)。而观察组术后上述指标显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患者不良反应发生率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=14.917,P<0.01)。观察组患者输液时间、切口愈合时间、普通饮食时间、住院时间均显著短于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:早期营养护理有利于促进患者胃肠功能的恢复,促进肛门排便排气,改善了患者的营养状态,提高了机体免疫功能,缩短了住院时间。
Objective: To analyze the effect of early postoperative nutritional nursing intervention on postoperative nutrition and gastrointestinal function in elderly patients undergoing abdominal surgery. Methods: From January 2013 to June 2015, 120 elderly patients undergoing cholangiocarcinoma surgery in Shaoxing Municipal Hospital were randomly divided into experimental group and control group using random number table method, 60 cases in each group . Two groups of patients were given postoperative routine care of cholangiocarcinoma, the control group on the basis of routine nursing routine dietary care, the observation group on the basis of routine nursing given early nutritional nursing intervention. The postoperative recovery of gastrointestinal function, the changes of related clinical indexes, the incidence of postoperative adverse reactions and the recovery were compared between the two groups. Results: The time of postprandial feeding, anal exhaust time, anal defecation time and bowel sounds recovery time in the experimental group were significantly shorter than those in the control group (P <0.05). The albumin, albumin and lymphocyte counts of the two groups were significantly lower than those before operation on the 7th day after operation (P <0.05). The observation group after the above-mentioned indicators was significantly higher than the control group (P <0.05). There was significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (χ ~ 2 = 14.917, P <0.01). The infusion time, incision healing time, general diet time and hospital stay in observation group were significantly shorter than those in control group (P <0.05). Conclusion: Early nutritional nursing is helpful to promote the recovery of gastrointestinal function, promote anal defecation, improve the nutritional status of patients, improve the immune function and shorten the hospitalization time.