剖宫产麻醉大体上分为个身麻醉(个麻)和局部麻醉(局麻)两种,后者是指蛛网膜下腔麻醉(腰麻)和连续硬膜外麻醉。全麻与局麻各有利弊,要根据母体状况、手术的缓急、设备和人员等进行选择。最近,Loughram等对硬膜外麻醉和全麻对母体的影响进行观察,认为全麻有使血压升高,心率加快,血浆中儿茶酚胺、可的松及葡萄糖增加等倾向。与此相反,硬膜外麻醉上述影响较少。在选择麻醉时应注意此点。腰麻和硬膜外麻醉可抑制交感神经,使血管扩张,血压下降,胎盘血流量减少,导致胎儿缺氧及酸中毒,在用此种麻醉时应予以重视。现简述日本的常用麻醉概况: Cesarean section anesthesia is generally divided into individual anesthesia (a) and local anesthesia (local anesthesia) two, the latter refers to subarachnoid anesthesia (spinal anesthesia) and continuous epidural anesthesia. General anesthesia and local anesthesia have their own advantages and disadvantages, according to the mother’s condition, surgery, emergency, equipment and personnel to choose. Recently, Loughram and other epidural anesthesia and general anesthesia on the impact of the mother were observed that general anesthesia with blood pressure, heart rate, plasma catecholamines, cortisone and glucose tend to increase. In contrast, epidural anesthesia is less affected. In the choice of anesthesia should pay attention to this point. Spinal anesthesia and epidural anesthesia can inhibit the sympathetic, so that vasodilation, blood pressure, decreased placental blood flow, leading to fetal hypoxia and acidosis, should pay attention to using such anesthesia. Now briefly describe the general anesthesia in Japan: