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盆栽试验研究了不同光周期对不同熟期燕麦品种的穗分化进程和生育时期影响及生理生态机制。试验材料包括早熟品种白燕8号,中熟品种白燕2号以及晚熟品种坝莜3号,跟踪测定了叶片保护酶活性、膜脂过氧化作用和质膜透性等生理指标的动态变化。结果表明,晚熟品种坝莜3号对光周期反应敏感,短日照(8h)条件下,其穗分化只能到二棱期,未能正常抽穗;早熟品种白燕8号在短日照条件下可完成穗分化、抽穗开花,但3个品种生育时期和穗分化时间均延长。随着光周期延长,各燕麦品种单株小穗数和穗重均增加。光周期对穗分化进程的影响机制可从叶片保护酶活性、膜脂过氧化作用和质膜透性等指标中得到证明,白燕8号在8h短日照处理下SOD,POD活性均高于白燕2号和坝莜3号,而MDA含量和相对电导率低于另两个品种。MDA含量和相对电导率与光周期呈显著正相关。燕麦早熟性与光周期不敏感性具有一定相关性,且燕麦光周期适应性调控机理可能与保护酶活性、膜脂过氧化作用和质膜透性等生理变化密切相关。
Pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of different photoperiods on the spike differentiation and growth stages of oats at different maturity stages and their physiological and ecological mechanisms. The experimental materials included Baiyin 8, a medium-maturing variety, Baiyan No.2, a medium maturing variety, and No.3, a late-maturing variety, Baoyuan No.3, a late-maturing variety. The dynamic changes of the physiological indexes such as protective enzyme activity, membrane lipid peroxidation and plasma membrane permeability were followed. The results showed that late maturing cultivar Bajiao No.3 was sensitive to photoperiod, and under the condition of short day (8h) Spike differentiation, heading and flowering were completed, but the duration of growth and spike differentiation of three cultivars were prolonged. With the prolongation of photoperiod, the number of spikelets and panicle weight of each oat variety increased. The mechanism of photoperiod on the spike differentiation was confirmed by the indexes of protective enzyme activity, membrane lipid peroxidation and plasma membrane permeability. The activities of SOD and POD of Baiyin 8 under short-day treatment of 8h were higher than those of white Yan No. 2 and Dam No. 3, while the MDA content and relative conductivity were lower than the other two varieties. MDA content and relative conductivity were positively correlated with photoperiod. Oat maturity and photoperiod insensitivity had some correlations, and the mechanism of photosynthetic regulation of oats was closely related to physiological changes such as protective enzyme activity, membrane lipid peroxidation and plasma membrane permeability.