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让·保尔·萨特是第二次世界大战后存在主义哲学的代表人物之一。他不仅是一个哲学家,而且是一个文学家。他以他的文学作品,扩大了存在主义哲学思想的影响,使他在资本主义世界享有很高的声誉。萨特是主张“倾向性文学”的。但这并不等于他所宣扬的倾向是正确的。他从宣扬存在主义哲学思想的目的出发,把文学作品当作宣传哲理的一种手段,这就不可避免地使他的文学作品同他的哲学思想一样,具有浓重的悲观主义倾向。在为人们熟知的他的文学作品中,例如《厌恶》(1937)、《墙》(1939)、《苍蝇》(1942)、《禁闭》(1944)、《自由之路》(1945)、《肮脏的手》(1948)等,作为正面人物出现的,大多是一些孤独者和精神变态者,充满了悲观厌世、恐惧绝望的情绪。这一方面固然反映了在资本主义高度物质文明的虚假繁荣下,人的存在因受到物质因素的压抑所感到的威胁和窒息;
Jean-Paul Sartre was one of the representatives of existentialist philosophy after the Second World War. He is not only a philosopher, but also a writer. With his literary works, he expanded the influence of the existentialist philosophy and made him enjoy a high reputation in the capitalist world. Sartre is advocating “propensity literature”. However, this does not mean that his tendency to be promoted is correct. Starting from the purpose of preaching the existentialist philosophical thought, he regarded literary works as a means of propagating philosophy, which inevitably made his literary works have the same pessimistic tendencies as his philosophical thoughts. Among his well-known literary works, such as Aversion (1937), The Wall (1939), Flies (1942), Incarceration (1944), Freedom Road (1945) Dirty Hands "(1948), etc. As positive people, most of them are lonely and psychopathic, full of pessimistic, fearful and desperate emotions. On the one hand it reflects, of course, the threat and suffocation of human existence as a result of the repression of material factors under the false prosperity of a highly materialistic capitalism;