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对夫妻共同财产的认定始终是离婚案件审判实践中的难点,最高法院接连出台司法解释试图弥补立法盲区,特别是对夫妻不动产制度,随着《婚姻法》实施后三十年间社会剧烈变迁,司法解释更是“与时俱进”做了多次变动。1993年司法解释确定了夫妻财产法定转化制度,2001年司法解释设定新规则、取消夫妻不动产法定转化制度、保留约定转化制度;2011年《婚姻法》司法解释(三)将这一新规则再次明确并延及婚后所购不动产。笔者认为,该制度的存废值得商榷,从法理层面已经引起学术界反思,司法解释(三)在其溯及力的表述上的谨慎,应是为控制其引起的负面社会效应留有余地。无论从法治政府的信赖保护原则要求,还是我国司法解释本身的性质分析,这个新规则都不应该适用于生效之前的行为和事件。
The identification of the common property of the couple has always been a difficult point in the trial of divorce cases. The Supreme Court issued successive judicial interpretations trying to make up for the blind spots in legislation, especially the real estate system for couples. With the dramatic social changes in the thirty years after the implementation of the Marriage Law, the judicial interpretation More is “keep pace with the times ” made many changes. Judicial interpretation in 1993 determined the legal conversion system of marital property, setting new rules for judicial interpretation in 2001, canceling the legal conversion system of marital property and preserving the agreed conversion system; judicial interpretation of the Marriage Law of 2011 (3) clarified this new rule again And postponed the purchase of real estate after marriage. The author believes that the system’s existence and debates are debatable, and from the perspective of jurisprudence, it has aroused academic reflection and judicial interpretation. (3) The cautiousness of its retrospective expression should leave room for controlling the negative social effects it causes. No matter from the principle of trust protection of the rule of law government or the nature analysis of the judicial interpretation of our country, this new rule should not be applied to the acts and events before their entry into force.