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目的研究单独使用沐舒坦对大鼠胎肺表面活性物质及胎肺形态发育的影响。方法选择健康清洁级妊娠的SD大鼠18只分为3组,沐舒坦治疗组、地塞米松治疗组和对照组各6只。各组大鼠于妊娠第16、17、18天尾静脉分别注射沐舒坦75mg／kg(按成人15mg／kg计算),地塞米松0．8mg／kg(按成人0．2mg／kg计算),生理盐水2ml／只。于妊娠第19天剖宫取出胎肺,通过光镜图像分析和电镜技术观察胎肺的形态结构,并测定胎肺的磷脂含量。结果在光镜下,沐舒坦和地塞米松治疗组的肺泡扩张比对照组明显,肺泡腔结构大且较规则;呼吸膜周径比对照组大;肺泡间质比对照组薄(P<0．01),但沐舒坦组与地塞米松组之间无差异(P>0．05)。电镜下,两个治疗组的板层小体数量明显多于对照组,且板层小体深染、致密。而对照组肺内难见板层小体,胞浆内糖原沉积却非常丰富。此外,沐舒坦治疗组肺磷脂含量为(0．72±0．06)mmol／g湿肺,地塞米松治疗组为(0．73±0．19)mmol／g湿肺,对照组为(0．62±0．09)mmol／g湿肺,沐舒坦、地塞米松治疗组与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0．01),沐舒坦治疗组与地塞米松治疗组两者之间无统计学差异(P>0．05)。结论单独使用沐舒坦能促进胎肺发育,效果类似于地塞米松。沐舒坦可能成为临床上用于产前促胎肺成熟的一种更好的选择。
Objective To study the effects of mucosolvan alone on fetal lung surfactant and fetal lung morphology. Methods 18 healthy SD pregnant rats were divided into 3 groups: mucosolvan group, dexamethasone group and control group. Each group of rats were injected with mucosolvan 75mg / kg (calculated as adult 15mg / kg), dexamethasone 0.8mg / kg (calculated as adult 0.2mg / kg) on the 16th, Physiological saline 2ml / only. The fetal lungs were removed from the cesarean section on the 19th day of gestation and the morphology of the fetal lungs was observed by light microscope image analysis and electron microscopy. The phospholipid content of the fetal lungs was also measured. Results Under the light microscope, the alveolar dilation of mucosolvan and dexamethasone group was more obvious than that of the control group. The alveolar structure was larger and more regular. The respiratory membrane circumference was larger than that of the control group. The alveolar interstitium was thinner than the control group (P <0. .01), but there was no difference between mucosolvan group and dexamethasone group (P> 0.05). Under electron microscope, the number of lamellar bodies in the two treatment groups was significantly more than that in the control group, and the lamellar bodies were deeply stained and dense. The control group of intrapulmonary lamellar body lamellar body, but the accumulation of intracellular glycogen is very rich. In addition, the content of pulmonary phospholipids in Mucosolvan group was (0.72 ± 0.06) mmol / g wet lung, the dexamethasone group was (0.73 ± 0.19) mmol / g wet lung, the control group was ( 0.62 ± 0.09) mmol / g wet lung, mucosolvan, dexamethasone treatment group compared with the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01), mucosolvan treatment group and dexamethasone treatment group There was no significant difference between them (P> 0.05). Conclusion Mucosolvan alone can promote fetal lung development, the effect is similar to dexamethasone. Mucosolvan may be a better choice for prenatal and fetal lung maturation.