反向混淆是一種特殊的商標侵權類型,其法理依據和適用情形是由美國法院在司法實踐中逐步歸納總結形成的。由於反向混淆與普通的正向混淆具有不同的主觀意圖、事實構成和損害後果,在認定反向混淆構成條件時,需在普通混淆認定標準的基礎上有所調整。美國法院對此並未形成較爲統一的標準,即反向混淆的構成要件尚不明確。目前,反向混淆理論已爲我國一些法院所接受和認可,出現了一些反向混淆案件的判 The reverse confusion is a special type of trademark infringement. Its legal basis and applicable circumstances are summarized by the U.S. courts gradually in the judicial practice. As the reverse confusion and ordinary forward confusion have different subjective intent, factual composition and the consequences of damage, to determine the conditions of the reverse confusion, the standard to be confused on the basis of the general adjustment to be adjusted. The United States Court did not form a more uniform standard, that is, the components of reverse confusion are not yet clear. At present, the theory of reverse confusion has been accepted and accepted by some courts in our country, and some cases of reverse confusion