本文主要报告石棉、天然和人造矿物纤维的致癌性。一、石棉:流行病学的研究证实接触温石棉、青石棉和铁石棉可引起与剂量有关的肺癌死亡率增加。接触石棉与间皮瘤发病的关系首先于青石棉开采工中得到确认。其后,对美国和英国制造石棉工厂工人的调查证实:接触含闪石的混合粉尘可发生间皮瘤。资料表明接触闪石可能比温石棉更易引起间皮瘤。Trimbrell等指出温石棉纤维的直径虽然小于青石棉,但 This article reports mainly on the carcinogenicity of asbestos, natural and synthetic mineral fibers. I. Asbestos: Epidemiological studies confirm that exposure to chrysotile, crocidolite and amosite may lead to an increase in dose-related mortality from lung cancer. The relationship between exposure to asbestos and mesothelioma was first confirmed in crocidolite mining. Subsequent surveys of asbestos factory workers in the United States and the United Kingdom confirmed that mesothelioma can occur in contact with the amphibole-containing mixed dust. The data suggest that amphiboles may be more likely to be caused by contact with amphiboles than chrysotile. Trimbrell et al. Pointed out that although the diameter of chrysotile fibers is less than that of crocidolite,