历史语言学、语言地理学是探讨语言演变的两种基本方法,两者都可以揭示音变规律,同时在研究方法上可以互相补充。文章以汉语方言(以吴语为主)若干音变特征为例,主张音变规律在方言地理分布类型上有四种不同的表现:一、连续型分布,二、离散型分布,三、递推型分布,四、辐射型分布。 Historical linguistics and linguistic geography are two basic methods to explore the evolution of language. Both of them can reveal the law of phonetic change and at the same time complement each other in the research methods. Taking several phonetic variation features of Chinese dialects (mainly Wu dialects) as examples, the article holds that phonetic variation has four different types of dialect geographical distribution: one is continuous distribution, the other is distributed distribution. The other is recursion Type distribution, four, radiation type distribution.