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为对比研究荷载作用拉压锚杆的承载特性,进行了缩尺模型试验。在室内模型试验的基础上,对拉压锚杆的应变分布曲线、应力传递过程及破坏过程进行对比分析。结果表明:与拉力型锚杆相比,压力型锚杆的突出优势是锚固段处于三向受压应力状态,这种应力状态不但可以提高锚固体与周围土体之间的黏结应力,而且可以防止锚固体开裂,提高锚杆的耐久性;由于压力型锚杆锚固体与周围土体间的剪应力由孔底向前传递,剪应力分布较拉力型锚杆均匀,且相同荷载下剪切应变小;相对拉力型锚杆,压力型锚杆在复合土体内部应力的传递及分配上更迅速、更合理,整个锚固系统的承载能力更强,如果需要提供相同的承载力,压力型锚杆则可以减少锚固长度,有效降低工程造价,在锚固领域具有广阔的应用前景。
In order to compare the bearing characteristics of tension-compression anchor under load, a scale model test was carried out. Based on the indoor model test, the strain distribution curve, stress transfer process and failure process of tension-compression anchor rod are compared and analyzed. The results show that compared with tensile anchor, the prominent advantage of the pressure anchor is that the anchorage section is under three-direction compressive stress, which can not only increase the bond stress between the anchor and the surrounding soil, Prevent cracking of the anchor body and improve the durability of the anchor rod. Since the shear stress between the anchor body and the surrounding soil is transmitted forward from the bottom of the anchor hole, the distribution of shear stress is more uniform than that of the tension-type anchor rod and is sheared under the same load The strain should be small; the relative tension type anchor and pressure type anchor are more rapid and reasonable in the transfer and distribution of internal stress in the composite soil, the whole anchor system is more load-bearing capacity. If the same bearing capacity needs to be provided, Rod can reduce the length of the anchor, effectively reduce the project cost, has broad application prospects in the field of anchoring.