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【目的】对早产儿视网膜病变(retinopathy of prematurity,ROP)进行筛查,了解ROP的发病情况及其相关影响因素。【方法】对眼科门诊进行ROP筛查的早产儿及低体重儿进行回顾性调查,统计筛查情况。【结果】共计筛查239例早产儿、低体重儿,发现ROP患儿15例,发生率为6.28%。BW≤1 500g、1 500g2 000g的ROP的发生率分别为20.59%、8.22%、1.52%,组间ROP发生率差异有统计学意义(χ2=17.47,P<0.005);胎龄≤31周、31<胎龄≤34周、胎龄>34周的ROP的发生率分别为29.17%、7.25%、2.06%,组间ROP发生率差异也有统计学意义(χ2=25.96,P<0.005)。分析显示ROP的发生与吸氧有一定的关系。【结论】筛查显示ROP的发生率为6.28%,不规范吸氧、出生体重低及胎龄小是ROP形成的相关因素,对于低胎龄或低体重的高危早产儿应定期进行眼底筛查。
【Objective】 To screen the retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) to understand the incidence of ROP and related factors. 【Methods】 A retrospective survey of premature infants and low birth weight children who underwent ROP screening in ophthalmology clinics was conducted. 【Results】 A total of 239 preterm and low birth weight children were screened, and 15 children with ROP were found, the incidence was 6.28%. The incidences of ROP in BW≤1 500g, 1 500g 2000g were 20.59%, 8.22% and 1.52%, respectively. The incidence of ROP was statistically significant (χ2 = 17.47, P < 0.005). The incidence of ROP was 29.17%, 7.25% and 2.06% for gestational age ≤31 weeks, 31 gestational age ≤34 weeks and gestational age> 34 weeks respectively. There was also significant difference in the incidence of ROP between groups (χ2 = 25.96, P <0.005). Analysis shows that the occurrence of ROP and oxygen have a certain relationship. 【Conclusion】 The screening showed that the incidence of ROP was 6.28%, irregular oxygen inhalation, low birth weight and small gestational age were the related factors of ROP formation. Fundus screening should be carried out regularly for high-risk preterm infants with low gestational age or low birth weight .