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本文在阐述技术-环境壁垒的主要表现形式的基础上,分析了它的引致成本及其产生机制,同时探讨了它的价格控制机制和数量控制机制。分析结果表明:技术-环境壁垒的引致成本主要是由出口商遵循进口国的技术标准、技术法规、合格评定程序等产生的。内涵性的价格控制机制不仅提高了出口产品的销售价格,而且增强了出口企业的整体实力;而外在性的价格控制机制只会引起出口产品的价格提高。从中长期来看,技术-环境壁垒对出口商的出口量具有双重影响效应,它既可能导致出口量上升,也可能导致出口量下降。
Based on the exposition of the main forms of technical-environmental barriers, this paper analyzes the induced costs and their generating mechanisms, and discusses its price control mechanism and quantitative control mechanism. The analysis shows that the costs incurred by technology-environment barriers are mainly caused by the exporters’ compliance with the technical standards, technical regulations and conformity assessment procedures of importing countries. The connotation of price control mechanism not only increases the selling price of export products, but also enhances the overall strength of export enterprises; while the extrinsic price control mechanism only causes the price of export products to increase. In the medium and long term, technology-environment barriers have a dual impact on the export volume of exporters, which may either lead to an increase in exports or to a decrease in exports.