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对沈阳市居民１９９７年死因回顾调查资料进行分析，其结果表明：男性的全死因死亡率、潜在寿命损失年（ＰＹＬＬ）均高于女性。男性死亡率死因顺位依次为：循环系、肿瘤、呼吸系、损伤和中毒及消化系疾病；女性死亡率死因顺位依次为：循环系、肿瘤、呼吸系、内分泌及损伤和中毒。与死亡率死因顺位相比，男性损伤和中毒、消化系疾病的ＰＹＬＬ顺位均较之提前一个位次；女性的先天性异常、损伤和中毒则分别提前６个位次和１个位次。该结果提示，循环系、肿瘤和呼吸系疾病仍是沈阳市居民的三大主要死因，但引起“早死”的疾病则是先天性异常、损伤和中毒及消化系疾病
The analysis of Shenyang City residents’ 1997 causes of death revealed that the male’s all-cause mortality and potential life lost years (PYLL) were higher than females. The death causes of male mortality were as follows: circulatory system, tumor, respiratory system, injury and poisoning, and digestive diseases; female death rate was ranked in order of complications: circulatory system, tumor, respiratory system, endocrine and injury, and poisoning. Compared with the fatal cause of mortality, the PYLL position of male injury and poisoning and digestive diseases was one place earlier than that of female; the congenital abnormality, injury and poisoning of female were 6 times and 1 position respectively. The results suggest that circulatory, oncological, and respiratory diseases are still the three major causes of death among residents of Shenyang, but the diseases that cause “early death” are congenital anomalies, injuries and poisoning, and digestive diseases.