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盐铁会议上的争论深刻昭示了西汉王朝在“抑兼并”、实行盐铁专卖政策上的两难境地:为寻求实施盐铁专卖的合法理由与道义支柱,政府面临重新定位商业功能、地位的困境;因为“佐边费”、“缓民急”或“抑兼并”、“摧豪强”反映的是“公心”与“私心”的根本差别,政府又面临确立专卖目的为“公”而非“私”的艰难局面;由于专卖过程中存在执行官吏以权谋私的事实,政府又陷于政策实行方式的两难抉择。从公、私产权角度检视可以发现,由空疏、含混的“公”“私”观念而致界限模糊的公、私产权制度,乃是造成政府两难困境的深层原因:它一方面无法确认百姓的财产权利,保证百姓免受权贵的超经济压榨;另一方面也给豪富权贵“假公济私”、欺上压下的行为以可乘之机,带来致使政府穷于应付的兼并浪潮。
The debate at the salt-iron conference profoundly expounded the dilemma posed by the Western Han Dynasty over the policy of “restraining mergers and acquisitions” and implementing salt monopoly policy. In order to seek the legal justification and moral support for the implementation of salt-iron monopoly, the government is facing the task of reorienting commercial functions and status Because of the fundamental difference between “public interest ” and “selfish ” “ The government faced with the difficult situation of setting up the monopoly for ”public“ instead of ”private “. Due to the fact that the officials were seeking the right to seek personal gains during the monopoly, the government was caught in the dilemma of policy implementation. Viewing from the angle of public and private property, we can find that the fuzzy public and private property rights system which is caused by the empty and vague concept of ”public“ and ”private“ are the deep reasons for the government dilemma: on the one hand, Unable to confirm the people’s property rights, to ensure that people from the ultra-economic hardship squeeze; on the other hand also to the rich and powerful people ”fake public service ", bullied by the pressure to take the opportunity to take, brought about by the government to deal with Merger wave.