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以环氧乙烷 /四氢呋喃无规共聚醚、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯以及 1,4 -丁二醇为原料 ,采用熔融二步法合成了一种能为硝酸酯增塑并满足推进剂使用要求的热塑性聚氨酯弹性体 (TPU) .采用 GPC,FTIR,DSC和力学性能测试等分析技术对 TPU进行表征 ,结果表明 ,在所选择的硬段含量范围内 ,TPU均具有合理相对分子质量范围内的线性聚醚聚氨酯的结构特征 ;软段相具有能满足推进剂对低温力学性能要求的玻璃化转变温度 (tg<- 50℃ ) ;硬段相具有能满足推进剂特殊加工工艺要求的加工温度 .力学性能测试表明 ,硬段质量分数为 4 5%左右的 TPU具有满足推进剂使用要求的力学性能 (σm>3MPa,εm>50 0 % ) .
An ethylene oxide / tetrahydrofuran random copolyether, isophorone diisocyanate and 1,4 - butanediol were used as raw materials to synthesize a kind of plasticizer which can plasticize nitrates and meet the propellant requirements (TPU) .The TPU was characterized by GPC, FTIR, DSC and mechanical properties testing.The results showed that all the TPUs in the range of reasonable molecular weight Linear polyether polyurethane; the soft segment has the glass transition temperature (tg <- 50 ℃) which can meet the mechanical properties of the propellant at low temperature; the hard segment has the processing temperature that can meet the special processing requirements of the propellant. Mechanical tests show that the mechanical properties (σm> 3MPa, εm> 50 0%) of TPU with hard segment mass fraction of 45% can meet the requirements of propellants.